The Intensity of Sound
The amplitude of the wave translates into the loudness or intensity of the sound, which is related to the power of the wave.
I = P/A, where I = Intensity, P = Power, and A = Area.
Power is in metric units of Watts and Area is in metric units of m2, therefore, Intensity results in W/m2.
A scale has been developed which gives relative intensities of sounds compared to a threshold of hearing at zero decibels.
The threshold of pain is considered to be 120 dB.
To find the dB reading of a sound, use the equation dB = 10 log (I / I0), where I = intensity in W/m2 of the sound and I0 = the intensity of the threshold of hearing at 1 x 10-12 W/m2. Notice from the website reading (that follows) that every increase of 10 dB means an increase in a power of ten of W/m2. Going from 30 to 60 dB is actually a 1000 times increase in intensity! (10 x 10 x 10, or 103 increase)
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