Determine if the description fits the category of Ionic, Covalent, or Metallic. When you are done, highlight the table to reveal the answers.
| Ionic | crystal lattice |
| Metallic | luster |
| Covalent | electrons are shared |
| Covalent | nonconductors in the solid molten and dissolved state |
| Ionic | hard – difficult to crush |
| Covalent | weaker forces between atoms |
| Ionic | electrons are transferred |
| Metallic | electrons delocalized |
| Ionic | high melting and boiling points |
| Metallic | malleable and ductile |
| Covalent | volatile liquids and gases |
What is the difference between a cation and an anion?
[detail][summary]Click here for the answer.[/summary]
cation – positive ion formed when atom loses electrons
anion – negative ion formed when atom gains electrons[/detail]
What type of bond will form between the following pairs of atoms? Use your table of electronegativities to determine the type of bond that will form between the following pairs of atoms. Check your answers by highlighting the table.
| H and F | 4.0 – 2.1 = 1.9 ionic |
| Na and O | 3.5 – 0.9 = 2.6 ionic |
| Cl and Cl | 3.0 – 3.0 = 0 nonpolar covalent |
| Fe and S | 2.5 – 1.8 = 0.7 polar covalent |
| Si and O | 3.5 – 1.8 = 1.7 ionic |
| Mg and O | 3.5 – 1.2 = 2.3 ionic |
On a separate piece of paper, fill in the blanks from the word bank below the paragraph. After you are finished, highlight the paragraph to reveal the answers.
When an atom loses an electron, it becomes a(n) cation with a positive charge. When an atom gains an electron, it becomes a(n) anion with a negative charge.
Electrons are transferred in an ionic bond, shared in a covalent bond, and delocalized in a metallic bond.
In a polar covalent bond, the electrons are shared unequally. In a nonpolar covalent bond, the electrons are shared equally.
A polyatomic ion is a covalently bonded group of atoms with a charge such as (PO43-).
When two atoms share two pairs of electrons, a double bond is formed. In a Lewis structure, the central atom frequently has the smallest electronegativity.
Word bank:
anion cation covalently delocalized double equally negative polyatomic ion positive shared smallest transferred unequally