Bonding Practice

Determine if the description fits the category of Ionic, Covalent, or Metallic. When you are done, highlight the table to reveal the answers.

Ionic crystal lattice
Metallic luster
Covalent electrons are shared
Covalent nonconductors in the solid molten and dissolved state
Ionic hard – difficult to crush
Covalent weaker forces between atoms
Ionic electrons are transferred
Metallic electrons delocalized
Ionic high melting and boiling points
Metallic malleable and ductile
Covalent volatile liquids and gases

What is the difference between a cation and an anion?
[detail][summary]Click here for the answer.[/summary]
cation – positive ion formed when atom loses electrons

anion – negative ion formed when atom gains electrons[/detail]


What type of bond will form between the following pairs of atoms? Use your table of electronegativities to determine the type of bond that will form between the following pairs of atoms. Check your answers by highlighting the table.

H and F 4.0 – 2.1 = 1.9 ionic
Na and O 3.5 – 0.9 = 2.6 ionic
Cl and Cl 3.0 – 3.0 = 0 nonpolar covalent
Fe and S 2.5 – 1.8 = 0.7 polar covalent
Si and O 3.5 – 1.8 = 1.7 ionic
Mg and O 3.5 – 1.2 = 2.3 ionic

On a separate piece of paper, fill in the blanks from the word bank below the paragraph. After you are finished, highlight the paragraph to reveal the answers.

When an atom loses an electron, it becomes a(n)              cation with a             positive charge. When an atom gains an electron, it becomes a(n)                anion with a           negative charge.
Electrons are                  transferred in an ionic bond,                 shared in a covalent bond, and                 delocalized in a metallic bond.

In a polar covalent bond, the electrons are shared                      unequally. In a nonpolar covalent bond, the electrons are shared                    equally.
A                        polyatomic ion is a                       covalently bonded group of atoms with a charge such as (PO43-).
When two atoms share two pairs of electrons, a                 double bond is formed. In a Lewis structure, the central atom frequently has the                smallest electronegativity.

Word bank:

anion                   cation                 covalently      delocalized          double            equally      negative       polyatomic ion         positive            shared           smallest         transferred       unequally


 

How many valence electrons does an atom of oxygen have?
6
5
7
8
Which of the following is in correct scientific notation?
1.3 x 103
16.5 x 10³
3.0 x 3³
0.54 x 10³
All of the following are characteristic of ionic compounds EXCEPT for:
easily crushed
high melting points
strong forces
electrons are transferred
A compound that conducts electricity when when dissolved in water would most likely be classified as:
an ionic compound
a polar covalent compound
a nonpolar covalent compound
Which of the following would describe the bond formed between magnesium and chlorine?
ionic bond
polar covalent bond
nonpolar covalent bond
metallic bond
What is the name of an atom that has lost electrons and what charge does it have?
cation, positive
cation, negative
anion, negative
anion, positive
Luster, malleability, and ductility are true fro what type of bonding?
metallic
nonpolar covalent
polar covalent
ionic

 

 

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