Lesson 12

1. 3, 1, 5, 2, 4
2. B
3. B
4. B, A, A, A, B
5. B, A, B, A
6. C
7. D
8. B
9. Experiment is to determine whether the hypothesis is correct. If not, alter the hypothesis and conduct additional experiments to test the new hypothesis. (It is
   often an ongoing process for scientists.) Or similar answer.
10. Safe, unsafe, safe, unsafe, unsafe (obstructs sight), safe, unsafe
11. B
12. C
13. B, D, C, A
14. 8.0cm³
15. 31.0mL
16. 24.0g
17. 160,000
18. 5x 10³
19. 5.6 x 10⁻³
20. 0.097
21. 3.35 x 10⁻¹s
22. 4.5 x 10^-5 dL
23. 3.5 x 10⁻³ km
24. 6.7 x 10⁻¹ g
25. 3
26. 2
27. 3 (the final zero is significant)
28. 4
29. 2
30. 3 (the final zero is significant)

Lesson 19

silver is metal 1, rhodium is metal 2, platinum is metal 3

Lesson 23

1. B
2. A
3. D
4. C
5. P
6. C
7. P
8. C
9. P
10. C
11. B
12. C
13. A
14. D
15. B
16. A
17. C
18. A
19. Chocolate chip cookie, anything with different sized parts or pieces
20. Salt water, anything that has 2 or more parts evenly distributed and can be separated by physical means
21. Magnetism (magnetism through distillation in any order, with the non-numbered as extra credit)
22. Centrifuge
23. Filtration
    Evaporation
    Distillation
24. B
25. Solid to liquid
26. Liquid to solid
27. Gas to liquid
28. Solid to gas
29. Melting and freezing point
30. Mass is not created nor destroyed in a reaction (or similar answer)
31. 0.4 g/cm³
32. 128 g
33. Less than 1 g/cm³ (extra credit)
34. Greater than 1 g/cm³ (extra credit)1 g/cm³ (extra credit)

Lesson 35

Fill in the Blanks:

1. 2
2. negative
3. repel
4. spins
5. clockwise
6. opposite
7. attract
8. 2
9. 2
10. 6
11. 10
12. 14
13. p
14. s
15. 3
16. 5
17. 2
18. opposite
19. orbital

Orbital Diagram

1. N (7)
2. Na (11)
3. C (6)
4. F (9)
5. Ne  (10)
6. O (8)
7. P (15)
8. Li (3)
9. Mg (12)
10. He (2)
11. H (1)
12. Al (13)
13. Be (4)
14. B (5)

 

Lesson 38

1. B
2. A
3. C
4. A
5. C
6. C
7. A
8. C
9. B
10. C
11. B
12. D
13. A
14. B
15. A
16. Three of the following:
    1. All matter is composed of indivisible particles called atoms
    2. All atoms of an element are identical, atoms of different elements have
       different properties
    3. Chemical reactions involve the combination of atoms, not the destruction
       of atoms
    4. When elements react to form compounds, they react in defined, whole number ratios.
17. 3, 3, 4, 3
18. 26, 26. 30, 26
19. 6, 6, 8, 6
20. 8, 8, 9, 8
21. 7.5 x 10⁷m
22. B
23. A
24. a. 1s² b. 1s²2s²2p³ c. 1s²2s²2p⁶3s²3p⁶4s²
25. a. (↑↓)
    b. (↑↓) (↑↓) (↑) (↑) (↑)
    c. (↑↓) (↑↓) (↑↓) (↑↓) (↑↓) (↑↓) (↑↓) (↑↓)(↑↓) (↑↓)Extra credit:
    a. may behave as a wave
    b. may behave as a stream of particles (called photons or quanta)

Lesson 42

A family:        A column on the periodic table
A period:        A row on the periodic table
A metalloid:  An element that shares characteristics of both metals and non-metals
Family that contains Bromine:      Halogens
Family that contains Argon:           Noble gases
Family that contains Beryllium:    Alkaline earth metals
A family that contains Uranium:   Actinides
Te:  6 valence electrons
P:    5 valence electrons
Bi:   5 valence electrons
Sn:  4 valence electrons
S:    6 valence electrons
Al:   3 valence electrons
Ne:  8 valence electrons
Cs:   1 valence electrons
Br:   7 valence electrons
Mg: 2 valence electrons

Lesson 49

1. A
2. B
3. C
4. D
5. A
6. B
7. C
8. A
9. B
10. C
11. ↑
12. ↓
13. ↓
14. ↑
15. ↑
16. ↑
17. ↑
18. ↑
19. C
20. B
21. D
22. B
23. C
24. A
25. A
26. +1
27. -3
28. +3
29. -1
30. -2
    Extra credit: The atomic radius decreases across because since the number of electrons increases, the stronger the attraction between protons and electrons, pulling the electrons closer to the nucleus, causing a smaller radius. It decreases down the table because there is an increase in energy levels, with electrons farther away from the nucleus.

Lesson 53

Match the Items:

Lesson 56

Na and F,            4.0 – 0.9 = 3.1 Iconic

N and O,            3.5 – 3.0 = 0.5 Polar covalent

I and I,                2.5 -2.5 = Polar covalent

Fe and Ci,            3.0 – 1.8 = 1.2 Polar covalent

Br and I,            2.8 – 2.5 = 0.3 nonpolar covalent

Ca and O,            3.5 – 1.0 = 2.5 Iconic

Lewis Structures (link to pictures of those answers)

Lesson 61

Lesson 63

Quiz: Molecular Compounds

1. prefixes
2. carbon
3. hydrocarbons
4. alkanes
5. nonmetals
6. saturated

silicon dioxide   SiO2
carbon tetrachloride   CCl4
methane     CH4
octane   C8H18
dinitrogen trisulfide    N2S3
butene   C4H8
tetraphosphorus triselenide    P4Se3

Lesson 63 (second assignment)

Multiple Choice:

1. between nonmetals
2. molecules
3. prefixes

Matching:

1. # 1 = g
2. # 2 = a
3. # 3 = d
4. # 4 = j
5. # 5 = i
6. # 6 = f
7. # 7 = h
8. # 8 = b
9. # 9 = e
10. # 10 = c

Fill in the Blanks:

1. carbon
2. bond
3. saturated
4. unsaturated
5. triple
6. hydrocarbons
7. alkane
8. prefix
9. -ane
10. saturated
11. ankenes
12. double
13. carbon atoms
14. -ene

Lesson 68

1. Ionic sodium carbonate
2. Covalent diphosphorus pentoxide
3. Covalent ammonia
4. Ionic iron (II) sulfate
5. Covalent silicon dioxide
6. Ionic gallium chloride
7. Ionic cobalt (II) bromide
8. Covalent diboron tetrahydride
9. Covalent carbon monoxide
10.  Covalent phosphorus
11.  Covalent N2O3
12.  Covalent N2
13.  Covalent CH4
14.  Ionic LiC2H3O2
15.  Covalent PF3
16.  Ionic V2O5
17.  Ionic Al(OH)3
18.  Ionic ZnS
19.  Covalent SiF4
20.  Ionic Ag3PO4

Lesson 81-83 (student submitted answers)

[Part 1 – Evidence]

1. The unknown substance was discovered to be the anti-venom. The anti-venom
   has a similar structure to that of Nelson’s allergy drug.
2. 167.16 g/mol.
3. 598.66 g/mol.
4. Adding the weight of the anti-toxin and the compound C to the weight of the peanut
   allergy drug, it equals the weight of the unknown substance found in Nelson’s
   bloodstream.
5. The unknown substance in addition to Nelson’s peanut allergy drug cancelled out
   the effects of the peanut allergy drug.
6. Yes, Nelson did take his medication that day. However, the amount was lower than
   required.
7. Yes. It showed how the compound C combines with the spider toxin.
8. It is possible Joanna took the pills for Sam.
9. They did not provide any important information.
10. Yes, the peanuts and related products provided a way to cross reference with the
    other evidence.

[Part 2 – Conclusions]

1. Sam Mellon
2. Sam was jealous of Nelson receiving all of the credit.
3. Sam knew what would happen if Nelson had the anti-toxin in his bloodstream in
   addition to the peanut allergy medication.

Lesson 93

Video Lab Answers:

1. Mass of test tube with baking soda: 19.46 g
2. Mass of empty test tube: 19.21 g
3. Mass of baking soda: 0.25 g
4. Mass of test tube and sodium chloride: 19.39 g
5. Mass of sodium chloride: 0.18 g

1. ? mol NaHCO₃ = 0.25 g NaHCO₃
   (1 mol NaHCO₃ / 84.0 g NaHCO₃) = 0.0030 mol NaHCO₃
   (Note – 84.0 g is the Molar Mass of NaHCO₃)
2. ? mol NaCl = 0.18 g NaCl (1 mol NaCl / 58.5 g NaCl) = 0.0031 mol NaCl
3. 0.0030:0.0031 or 1:1
4. NaHCO₃ + HCl →  NaCl + H₂O + CO₂ (no coefficients needed)
5. 1:1
6. “Although they should be the same, the experimental mole ration may be slightly different than the theoretical mole ration due to experimental error such as not allowing the test tube to be completely cooled when massing at the end or allowing some of the liquid to splatter out of the test tube when heating.” source

Lesson 119

1. b. The wick of the candle is curled at the top.
2. d. M is greater than or equal to one but less than ten.
3. a. water displacement
4. b. 1000 mm = 1 m
5. c. Use multiple conversion factors.
6. c. balance
7. c. The chair will burn.
8. b. CO
9. c. pizza
10.  c. compound
11.  b. D = m / v
12.  True
13.  b. the protons and neutrons
14.  d. all of these
15.  c. 1s22s22p2
16.  b. indivisible
17.  b. mass
18.  c. gas
19.  b. 2
20.  c. Sc