Acute infection – shows their symptoms immediately and dissipates quickly.
Amino acid – organic nitrogenous compounds that act as the structure of proteins and are synthesized or obtained by cells as a regular diet.
Antibody – proteins created in blood and tissue by the immune system to help neutralize and destroy possible threats.
Antigen – a toxin or enzyme which stimulates reactions from a body’s immune system.
Antigenicity – The ability of an antigen to combine with antibodies and T-cell receptors to invoke a reaction from the immune system.
Autoimmune diseases – diseases caused when the immune system turns on itself because it fails to recognize its own cells.
Blymphocyte cells – bursa-dependent; manufactured in the bone; identify antigens and produce antibodies.
Bacteriophages – viruses that infect and kill harmful bacteria.
Base pair – a twin pair of nucleotides contained in a nucleic acid strand, which are linked together by hydrogen bonds.
Body fluids – fluids of the body, including circulating blood and lymph, the chyle, the gastric, pancreatic, and intestinal juices, the saliva, bile, urine, aqueous humor, and muscle serum
Budding – mature viruses leave a cell slowly, a few at a time, not killing the host cell in the process.
Bursa – a tissue space lined by joint tissue; bursas are found in between tendon and bone, skin and bone and muscles.
Carrier – one who carries a virus either in form of an infection or while it is in incubation.
Caspid – The protein outer covering of a virus made up of capsomeres; stimulates the body’s immune response.
Cell – a small, enclosed unit containing the DNA, proteins, and chemicals needed for all life functions.
Chromosomes – a DNA containing body that holds most or all of the genes of an individual life form.
Chronic infection – recurring viral infections that cause damage of cells over a long period of time by disrupting their functions.
CNS – the central nervous system, which is comprised of nerves, the brain and the spinal cord.
Connective tissue – tissue that surrounds other more highly ordered tissues and organs; blood, cartilage and bone.
Cytoskeleton – protein filaments that extend through the cytoplasm of cells and enable them to move and change shape.
DNA – deoxyribonucleic acid, the basic component of all living matter, which is contained in the chromosomes of a cell’s nucleus; transmits hereditary information and contains gene sequences.
Differentiated – a type of cell, which specializes in one specific task or has one specific purpose.
Dormant – being in a state of suspended animation, not actively growing but protected from the environment.
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